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Core Pathology 3rd Edition PDF Free Download
This title was part of the British Medical Association Book Awards 2009 – Highly Commended, Basic and Clinical Sciences. The new edition of this text helps you make the most of your study time by focusing on only the core basics of pathology needed for course work or exams…while avoiding in-depth details. Nearly 800 full-color, generously sized clear illustrations help bring the subject to life and aid in memorization. User-friendly features – including clinical correlation and differential diagnosis boxes – help make the material more relevant, while an increased emphasis on clinical medicine and a new self-assessment section prepare you for real-life practice. It has online access to Student Consult – where you’ll find tools including a virtual microscope feature and USMLE-style questions – further enhances your study and exponentially boosts your reference power.
Table of Contents
Preface to the third edition ix Excessive immune responses 101
A polemic from a retiring author X Inappropriate immune responses 104
AcknolNiedgments xi
Illustration acknolNiedgments xii 8. Introduction to infectious diseases 107
1. Pathology at the core of medicine 1
Bacterial infections 108
Brief review of common bacteria and their
Pathology is the study of the patterns, causes, diseases 111
mechanisms and effects of illness (disease) 1 Fungal infections 122
Pathology is the basis of clinical laboratory Viral infections 124
medicine 4 Protozoan and metazoan (helminthic)
2. Cellular adaptations to disease 7 parasites 129
Diseases due to protozoa 129
Cells as adaptable units 7 Ruke (trematode) infections 134
The cell stress response to injury 8 Tapeworm {cestode) infestations 135
Adaptive response in disease 9 Roundworms (nematodes) 137
Cell biology of growth adaptation 16
3. Cell injury and death 19 9. Environmental and nutritional factors in
disease 139
4. Tissue responses to damage 35 Environmental factors in disease 139
Overview of tissue responses to injury 35 Mechanical trauma 139
Outcome of the acute inflammatory reaction 44 Damage from extremes of temperature 140
Chronic inflammation 50 Damage from irradiation 141
Other causes of granulomatous inflammation 54 Electrical injury 144
5. Developmental and genetic diseases 55
Chemical damage 144
Nutritional factors in disease 147
Developmental disorders 55
Genetic factors in disease 55 10. Blood circulatory system 151
Cytogenetic abnormalities and disease 58 General pathology of the circulatory system 151
Gene defects and disease 63 Embolism 154
Molecular genetics and disease 70 Infarction 157
6. Neoplasia 71 Shock 158
Introduction 71 Arterial diseases 158
Characteristics and terminology of neoplastic
Aneurysms 163
diseases 71 Aortic dissection 163
Failure to achieve cellular differentiation is a Hypertension 164
particular feature of malignant neoplasms 71 Vasculitis 166
Tumor nomenclature and classification 82 Structural abnormalities of veins 169
Biology of neoplasia 83 Tumors and malformations of vessels 170
Epidemiology of neoplastic disease 92 Diseases of the heart 171
Diagnosis of neoplasia 95 Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis 178
Cardiac tumors 180
7. Basic immunopathology 97 Diseases of the pericardium 180
Immunological factors in disease 97 Diseases of endocardium and valves 181
Inadequate immune responses 97 Heart disease in children 185
v
Contenb
11. Respiratory system 189 Toxic liver disease 291
The respiratory system comprises the upper Metabolic liver disease 292
respiratory tract, the airways and the lungs 189 Cirrhosis of the liver 294
Respiratory failure is defined by the presence Tumors of the liver 296
of a low level of blood oxygen 189 Multisystem disease and transplantation 297
Collapse of the lung is termed ‘atelectasis’ 190 Liver disease in childhood 298
Vascular and hemodynamic disease of Diseases of the gallbladder and
the lungs 190 extrahepatic bile ducts 299
Infective disease of the respiratory system 192 Disease of the exocrine pancreas 301
Asthma 200 Tumors of the pancreas 304
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 202
Diffuse parenchymal lung diseases 205 15. Lymphoid and hemopoietic tissues 307
Pneumoconiosis 210 Diseases of the lymph nodes 307
Granulomatous disease in lungs 212 Neoplastic disease in lymph nodes 309
Neoplastic disease of the lungs 212 Hodgkin’s disease 309
Pathology of the pleura 218 Non-hodgkin’s lymphomas 311
Lung disease in children 220 8-cell lymphomas 312
12. Oral and ENT pathology 225
T-cell lymphomas 315
Survival and prognosis in lymphoma 317
Mouth and oropharynx 225 Diseases of the thymus 317
Common disorders of the teeth and related Diseases of the spleen 318
structures 231 Diseases of the blood 319
Pathology of the nose and nasopharynx 234 Anemia due to deficiency of hematinics 319
Pathology of the ear 237 Anemia due to failure of production 320
Ear disease in children 242 Anemia due to dyserythropoiesis 320
The larynx and related structures 242 Anemia due to destruction of red cells 321
13. Alimentary tract 249 Hemolysis due to defects in red cells 321
Disease of the alimentary tract 249 Hemolysis caused by defects outside
red cells 322
Disease of the esophagus and Disorders of circulating white blood cells
esophagogastric junction 249 and marrow 324
Disease of the stomach 251 Neoplastic diseases of white cells 324
Disease of the small and large intestine 256 Myeloproliferative diseases 327
Malabsorption syndromes 257 Histiocytoses 327
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease 258 Diseases of coagulation and platelets 328
Tumors of the small and large intestine 262 Bone marrow transplantation 329
Vascular disease of the bowel 267
Diseases caused by abnormal gut motility 268 16. Endocrine system 331
Pathology of the appendix 269
Diseases of the anal canal 270 Pituitary 331
Pathology of the peritoneum 271 Thyroid gland 334
Gastrointestinal disease in children 271 Parathyroids 340
Adrenal 343
14. Liver, biliary tract, and pancreas 275 Pancreatic endocrine tissue 347
Diseases of the liver 275 Ovary and testis 348
Jaundice 277 Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes 349
Uver disease 278 Endocrine disease in children 349
Vascular diseases of the liver 281
Hepatitis 282 17. Diseases of the urinary system 355
Non-viral infections 287 Introduction 355
Chronic inflammatory liver disease 288 Kidney 355
vi
Contents
Diseases of the kidney 358 Infection of the central nervous system 465
Vascular disease and the kidney 362 Viral diseases of the nervous system 467
Glomerular diseases 364 Fungal infections of the CNS 469
Important types of glomerulonephritis 368 Parasitic infection of the nervous system 469
Disease of renal tubules and interstitium 382 Tuberculosis of the brain 469
Renal transplantation 385 Demyelinating diseases 470
Tumors of the kidney 386 Neurodegenerative diseases 471
Congenital diseases of the kidney and Metabolic and toxic disease 475
lower urinary tract 388 Developmental abnormalities 476
Cystic disease of the kidney 389 Inborn errors of metabolism 478
Diseases of the lower urinary tract 390 Phakomatoses 479
Infection 390 Tumors of the nervous system 480
Obstruction 391 Metastases to CNS 480
Urinary calculi 392 Tumors of meningeal origin 480
Tumors of the lower urinary tract 393 Tumors of neuroepithelial origin 480
18. Male genital system 397 Non-neuroepithelial tumors of the CNS 484
Diseases of peripheral nerves 484
Revision of male genital system structure 397 Muscle diseases 487
Testicular tumors 400 Neurogenic disorders of muscle 491
Single-pattern germ cell tumors 402 Disorders of muscle function 492
Prostate gland 407
Penis 410 22. Ophthalmic pathology 495
19. Gynecologic and obstetric pathology 413 Introduction 495
Diseases of the eyelids, conjunctiva and
Gynecologic and obstetric pathology 413 cornea 495
Diseases of the vulva 413 Diseases of the uvea 498
Diseases of the vagina 416 Lens abnormalities 499
Diseases of the cervix 417 Diseases of the retina and vitreous 499
Diseases of the endometrium 422 Glaucoma 501
Diseases of the myometrium 426 Trauma to the eye 502
Diseases of the fallopian tubes 428 Diseases of the orbit 502
Diseases of the ovaries 429
Neoplastic disease of the ovaries 430 23. Skin disease 505
Obstetric pathology 433 Introduction 506
20. Breast disease 441
Dermatitis 506
Infections of the skin 510
The normal breast 441 Blistering diseases of the skin 515
Inflammatory disorders of the breast 441 Tumors of the skin 521
Benign diseases of the breast 442 Tumors of skin appendages 526
Neoplastic breast diseases 444 Tumors and tumor-like enlargements of
Malignant tumors of the breast 445 the dermis 527
21. Nervous system and muscle 453 Important miscellaneous skin conditions 530
Introduction 453 24. Orthopedic and rheumatological pathology 535
Responses of the nervous system to injury 453 Revision of bone architecture and
Cerebrovascular disease 455 rheumatological pathology 535
Brain ischemia and infarction 457 Metabolic bone disease 536
Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage 460 Bone fracture 540
Trauma to the central nervous system 461 Ischemic bone necrosis 542
Hydrocephalus 464 Infection of bone 543
Syringomyelia 464 Bone tumors 544
vii
Contenb
Diseases of joints, tendons and soft tissues 548 Diabetes mellitus 569
Bone and joint disease in children 557 Amyloidosis 572
Disorders of soft tissue 558 Inherited metabolic disorders 575
25. Important multisystem diseases 561
Systemic lupus erythematosus 561 Appendix 579
Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) 564
Systemic vasculitis 565 Answers 585
Rheumatoid disease 566
Index 597 Sarcoidosis 567
viii
Core Pathology 3rd Edition PDF Ebook
A polemic from a retiring author X Inappropriate immune responses 104
AcknolNiedgments xi
Illustration acknolNiedgments xii 8. Introduction to infectious diseases 107
1. Pathology at the core of medicine 1
Bacterial infections 108
Brief review of common bacteria and their
Pathology is the study of the patterns, causes, diseases 111
mechanisms and effects of illness (disease) 1 Fungal infections 122
Pathology is the basis of clinical laboratory Viral infections 124
medicine 4 Protozoan and metazoan (helminthic)
2. Cellular adaptations to disease 7 parasites 129
Diseases due to protozoa 129
Cells as adaptable units 7 Ruke (trematode) infections 134
The cell stress response to injury 8 Tapeworm {cestode) infestations 135
Adaptive response in disease 9 Roundworms (nematodes) 137
Cell biology of growth adaptation 16
3. Cell injury and death 19 9. Environmental and nutritional factors in
disease 139
4. Tissue responses to damage 35 Environmental factors in disease 139
Overview of tissue responses to injury 35 Mechanical trauma 139
Outcome of the acute inflammatory reaction 44 Damage from extremes of temperature 140
Chronic inflammation 50 Damage from irradiation 141
Other causes of granulomatous inflammation 54 Electrical injury 144
5. Developmental and genetic diseases 55
Chemical damage 144
Nutritional factors in disease 147
Developmental disorders 55
Genetic factors in disease 55 10. Blood circulatory system 151
Cytogenetic abnormalities and disease 58 General pathology of the circulatory system 151
Gene defects and disease 63 Embolism 154
Molecular genetics and disease 70 Infarction 157
6. Neoplasia 71 Shock 158
Introduction 71 Arterial diseases 158
Characteristics and terminology of neoplastic
Aneurysms 163
diseases 71 Aortic dissection 163
Failure to achieve cellular differentiation is a Hypertension 164
particular feature of malignant neoplasms 71 Vasculitis 166
Tumor nomenclature and classification 82 Structural abnormalities of veins 169
Biology of neoplasia 83 Tumors and malformations of vessels 170
Epidemiology of neoplastic disease 92 Diseases of the heart 171
Diagnosis of neoplasia 95 Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis 178
Cardiac tumors 180
7. Basic immunopathology 97 Diseases of the pericardium 180
Immunological factors in disease 97 Diseases of endocardium and valves 181
Inadequate immune responses 97 Heart disease in children 185
v
Contenb
11. Respiratory system 189 Toxic liver disease 291
The respiratory system comprises the upper Metabolic liver disease 292
respiratory tract, the airways and the lungs 189 Cirrhosis of the liver 294
Respiratory failure is defined by the presence Tumors of the liver 296
of a low level of blood oxygen 189 Multisystem disease and transplantation 297
Collapse of the lung is termed ‘atelectasis’ 190 Liver disease in childhood 298
Vascular and hemodynamic disease of Diseases of the gallbladder and
the lungs 190 extrahepatic bile ducts 299
Infective disease of the respiratory system 192 Disease of the exocrine pancreas 301
Asthma 200 Tumors of the pancreas 304
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 202
Diffuse parenchymal lung diseases 205 15. Lymphoid and hemopoietic tissues 307
Pneumoconiosis 210 Diseases of the lymph nodes 307
Granulomatous disease in lungs 212 Neoplastic disease in lymph nodes 309
Neoplastic disease of the lungs 212 Hodgkin’s disease 309
Pathology of the pleura 218 Non-hodgkin’s lymphomas 311
Lung disease in children 220 8-cell lymphomas 312
12. Oral and ENT pathology 225
T-cell lymphomas 315
Survival and prognosis in lymphoma 317
Mouth and oropharynx 225 Diseases of the thymus 317
Common disorders of the teeth and related Diseases of the spleen 318
structures 231 Diseases of the blood 319
Pathology of the nose and nasopharynx 234 Anemia due to deficiency of hematinics 319
Pathology of the ear 237 Anemia due to failure of production 320
Ear disease in children 242 Anemia due to dyserythropoiesis 320
The larynx and related structures 242 Anemia due to destruction of red cells 321
13. Alimentary tract 249 Hemolysis due to defects in red cells 321
Disease of the alimentary tract 249 Hemolysis caused by defects outside
red cells 322
Disease of the esophagus and Disorders of circulating white blood cells
esophagogastric junction 249 and marrow 324
Disease of the stomach 251 Neoplastic diseases of white cells 324
Disease of the small and large intestine 256 Myeloproliferative diseases 327
Malabsorption syndromes 257 Histiocytoses 327
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease 258 Diseases of coagulation and platelets 328
Tumors of the small and large intestine 262 Bone marrow transplantation 329
Vascular disease of the bowel 267
Diseases caused by abnormal gut motility 268 16. Endocrine system 331
Pathology of the appendix 269
Diseases of the anal canal 270 Pituitary 331
Pathology of the peritoneum 271 Thyroid gland 334
Gastrointestinal disease in children 271 Parathyroids 340
Adrenal 343
14. Liver, biliary tract, and pancreas 275 Pancreatic endocrine tissue 347
Diseases of the liver 275 Ovary and testis 348
Jaundice 277 Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes 349
Uver disease 278 Endocrine disease in children 349
Vascular diseases of the liver 281
Hepatitis 282 17. Diseases of the urinary system 355
Non-viral infections 287 Introduction 355
Chronic inflammatory liver disease 288 Kidney 355
vi
Contents
Diseases of the kidney 358 Infection of the central nervous system 465
Vascular disease and the kidney 362 Viral diseases of the nervous system 467
Glomerular diseases 364 Fungal infections of the CNS 469
Important types of glomerulonephritis 368 Parasitic infection of the nervous system 469
Disease of renal tubules and interstitium 382 Tuberculosis of the brain 469
Renal transplantation 385 Demyelinating diseases 470
Tumors of the kidney 386 Neurodegenerative diseases 471
Congenital diseases of the kidney and Metabolic and toxic disease 475
lower urinary tract 388 Developmental abnormalities 476
Cystic disease of the kidney 389 Inborn errors of metabolism 478
Diseases of the lower urinary tract 390 Phakomatoses 479
Infection 390 Tumors of the nervous system 480
Obstruction 391 Metastases to CNS 480
Urinary calculi 392 Tumors of meningeal origin 480
Tumors of the lower urinary tract 393 Tumors of neuroepithelial origin 480
18. Male genital system 397 Non-neuroepithelial tumors of the CNS 484
Diseases of peripheral nerves 484
Revision of male genital system structure 397 Muscle diseases 487
Testicular tumors 400 Neurogenic disorders of muscle 491
Single-pattern germ cell tumors 402 Disorders of muscle function 492
Prostate gland 407
Penis 410 22. Ophthalmic pathology 495
19. Gynecologic and obstetric pathology 413 Introduction 495
Diseases of the eyelids, conjunctiva and
Gynecologic and obstetric pathology 413 cornea 495
Diseases of the vulva 413 Diseases of the uvea 498
Diseases of the vagina 416 Lens abnormalities 499
Diseases of the cervix 417 Diseases of the retina and vitreous 499
Diseases of the endometrium 422 Glaucoma 501
Diseases of the myometrium 426 Trauma to the eye 502
Diseases of the fallopian tubes 428 Diseases of the orbit 502
Diseases of the ovaries 429
Neoplastic disease of the ovaries 430 23. Skin disease 505
Obstetric pathology 433 Introduction 506
20. Breast disease 441
Dermatitis 506
Infections of the skin 510
The normal breast 441 Blistering diseases of the skin 515
Inflammatory disorders of the breast 441 Tumors of the skin 521
Benign diseases of the breast 442 Tumors of skin appendages 526
Neoplastic breast diseases 444 Tumors and tumor-like enlargements of
Malignant tumors of the breast 445 the dermis 527
21. Nervous system and muscle 453 Important miscellaneous skin conditions 530
Introduction 453 24. Orthopedic and rheumatological pathology 535
Responses of the nervous system to injury 453 Revision of bone architecture and
Cerebrovascular disease 455 rheumatological pathology 535
Brain ischemia and infarction 457 Metabolic bone disease 536
Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage 460 Bone fracture 540
Trauma to the central nervous system 461 Ischemic bone necrosis 542
Hydrocephalus 464 Infection of bone 543
Syringomyelia 464 Bone tumors 544
vii
Contenb
Diseases of joints, tendons and soft tissues 548 Diabetes mellitus 569
Bone and joint disease in children 557 Amyloidosis 572
Disorders of soft tissue 558 Inherited metabolic disorders 575
25. Important multisystem diseases 561
Systemic lupus erythematosus 561 Appendix 579
Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) 564
Systemic vasculitis 565 Answers 585
Rheumatoid disease 566
Index 597 Sarcoidosis 567
viii
Core Pathology 3rd Edition PDF Ebook
About the Authors
Alan Stevens MB as, FRCPath
Former Senior Lecturer in Histopathology
University of Nottingham Medical School
Former Honorary Consultant Histopathologist to Queen’s Medical Centre
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
Nottingham, UK
Former Senior Lecturer in Histopathology
University of Nottingham Medical School
Former Honorary Consultant Histopathologist to Queen’s Medical Centre
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
Nottingham, UK
James lowe BMedSci, BM BS, OM, FRCPath
Professor of Neuropathology
University of Nottingham Medical School
Honorary Consultant Histopathologist to Queen’s Medical Centre
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
Nottingham, UK
lan Scott BSc, MB BS, MD, DPhil, FRCPath
Consultant Neuropathologist
Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust
Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer
Hull York Medical School
Hull, UK
USA Advisor:
Ivan Damjanov MD, PhD
Professor of Pathology
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
University of Kansas School of Medicine
Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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