PREFACE x
TOP 100 SECRETS 1
I Regional Spinal A natomy
CHAPTER 1 CLINICALLY RELEVANT ANATOMY OF THE CERVICAL REGION 14
Vincent J. Devlin, MD and Darren L. Bergey, MD
CHAPTER 2 CLINICALLY RELEVANT ANATOMY OF THE THORACIC REGION 26
Vincent J. Devlin, MD and Darren L. Bergey, MD
CHAPTER 3 CLINICALLY RELEVANT ANATOMY OF THE LUMBAR AND SACRAL REGION 35
Vincent J. Devlin, MD and Darren L. Bergey, MD
II Clinical E valuation of the Spine P atient
CHAPTER 4 EVALUATION OF CERVICAL SPINE DISORDERS 46
Jeffrey C. Wang, MD
CHAPTER 5 EVALUATION OF THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE DISORDERS 52
Jeffrey C. Wang, MD
CHAPTER 6 EVALUATION OF SPINAL DEFORMITIES 59
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 7 EVALUATION OF IMPAIRMENT, DISABILTY, AND WORKERS’ COMPENSATION 68
Stephen L. Demeter, MD, MPH, Christopher R. Brigham, MD, MMS, and Vincent J. Devlin, MD
III Spinal Imaging
CHAPTER 8 STRATEGIES FOR IMAGING AND DIAGNOSIS IN SPINAL DISORDERS 80
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 9 RADIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF THE SPINE 86
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 10 MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE SPINE 100
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 11 COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND CT-MYELOGRAPHY 114
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 12 NUCLEAR IMAGING AND SPINAL DISORDERS 121
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
xii CONTENTS
IV Nonsurgical M anagement of Spinal Disorders
CHAPTER 13 CERVICAL SPINAL DISORDERS: NONSURGICAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES 128
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 14 THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINAL DISORDERS: NONSURGICAL MANAGEMENT
STRATEGIES 138
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 15 PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT OF PAIN IN SPINE DISORDERS 148
Vincent Huang, MD, Jonathan Ramin, DO, and Thomas N. Bryce, MD
CHAPTER 16 DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC SPINAL INJECTIONS 159
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 17 ELECTRODIAGNOSIS IN SPINAL DISORDERS 169
Paul M. Kitei, MD, Sayed E. Wahezi, MD, and Mark A. Thomas, MD
CHAPTER 18 SPINAL ORTHOSES 177
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
V Surgical Indications and P erioperative M anagement of the Spine
Patient
CHAPTER 19 INDICATIONS FOR SURGICAL INTERVENTION IN SPINAL DISORDERS AND WHEN NOT TO
OPERATE 192
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 20 PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING SPINE
SURGERY 199
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 21 ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS AND INTRAOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT DURING SPINE
SURGERY 206
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 22 INTRAOPERATIVE NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC MONITORING DURING SPINAL PROCEDURES 216
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 23 POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT AND ADVERSE EVENTS AFTER SPINE SURGERY 222
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
VI Basic Spinal P rocedures, Surgical A pproaches, and Spinal
Instrumentation
CHAPTER 24 PROCEDURES FOR DECOMPRESSION OF THE SPINAL CORD AND NERVE ROOTS 234
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 25 SPINAL ARTHRODESIS, GRAFT MATERIALS, AND GRAFT TECHNIQUES 242
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 26 SURGICAL APPROACHES TO THE OCCIPUT AND CERVICAL SPINE 253
Kern Singh, BS, MD, Justin Munns, MD, Daniel K. Park, MD, and Alexander R. Vaccaro, MD, PhD
CHAPTER 27 SURGICAL APPROACHES TO THE THORACIC, LUMBAR, AND LUMBOSACRAL SPINE 260
Vincent J. Devlin, MD and Mohammad E. Majd, MD
CHAPTER 28 OCCIPITAL AND CERVICAL SPINE INSTRUMENTATION 275
Dil B. Patel, BS, Andrew M. Block, BS, Benjamin Khechen, BA, and Kern Singh, BS, MD
CONTENTS xiii
CHAPTER 29 THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE INSTRUMENTATION 287
Bradley Anderson, D. Greg Anderson, MD, and Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 30 INSTRUMENTATION AND FUSION AT THE LUMBOSACRAL JUNCTION AND PELVIS 298
Khaled M. Kebaish, MD, FRCSC and Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 31 MINIMALLY INVASIVE SPINE SURGERY 306
Dil B. Patel, BS, Mundeep S. Bawa, BS, Andrew M. Block, BS, and Kern Singh, BS, MD
CHAPTER 32 ARTIFICIAL DISC REPLACEMENT 314
Nickul S. Jain, MD, Brian W. Su, MD, Adam L. Shimer, MD, and Alexander R. Vaccaro, MD, PhD
CHAPTER 33 REVISION SPINE SURGERY 323
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 34 SPINAL CORD STIMULATION AND IMPLANTABLE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS 333
Alejandro Carrasquilla, MD, Jonathan J. Rasouli, MD, Fedor E. Panov, MD, and Brian H. Kopell, MD
VII Pediatric Spinal Deformities and Spinal Disorders
CHAPTER 35 PEDIATRIC BACK PAIN 342
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 36 PEDIATRIC CERVICAL DISORDERS 349
Thomas R. Haher, MD, Margaret McDonnell, and Evan Belanger 349
CHAPTER 37 EARLY-ONSET SCOLIOSIS 358
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 38 IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS 369
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 39 CONGENITAL SPINAL DEFORMITIES 382
Lawrence I. Karlin, MD
CHAPTER 40 NEUROMUSCULAR SPINAL DEFORMITIES 390
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 41 SAGITTAL PLANE DEFORMITIES IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS 399
Owoicho Adogwa, MD, MPH, Munish C. Gupta, MD, and Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 42 SPONDYLOLYSIS AND SPONDYLOLISTHESIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS 408
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 43 PEDIATRIC SPINAL TRAUMA 418
Eric S. Varley, DO
VIII Degenerative Disorders of the A dult Spine
CHAPTER 44 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOANATOMY OF DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS OF THE ADULT
SPINE 430
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 45 CERVICAL DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS 436
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 46 THORACIC DISC HERNIATION AND STENOSIS 446
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 47 LUMBAR DISC HERNIATION 451
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
xiv CONTENTS
CHAPTER 48 DISCOGENIC LOW BACK PAIN 458
Eeric Truumees, MD
CHAPTER 49 LUMBAR SPINAL STENOSIS 466
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 50 DISORDERS OF THE SACROILIAC JOINT 472
Philip J. York, MD, David C. Ou-Yang, MD, and Vikas V. Patel, MD
IX Adult Spinal Deformities
CHAPTER 51 ADULT IDIOPATHIC AND DEGENERATIVE SCOLIOSIS 484
Floreana N. Kebaish, MD and Khaled M. Kebaish, MD, FRCSC
CHAPTER 52 SAGITTAL PLANE DEFORMITIES IN ADULTS 495
Mostafa H. El Dafrawy, MD, Munish C. Gupta, MD, and Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 53 SPONDYLOLYSIS AND SPONDYLOLISTHESIS IN ADULTS 505
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
X Spinal T rauma
CHAPTER 54 EVALUATION OF THE SPINE TRAUMA PATIENT 516
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 55 SPINAL CORD INJURY 523
Vincent Huang, MD and Thomas N. Bryce, MD
CHAPTER 56 UPPER CERVICAL SPINE TRAUMA 532
Jens R. Chapman, MD and Rod J. Oskouian, MD
CHAPTER 57 LOWER CERVICAL SPINE INJURIES 545
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 58 THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE FRACTURES 557
Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 59 SACRAL FRACTURES 573
Jens R. Chapman, MD, Thomas A. Schildhauer, MD, PhD, and Robert Hart, MD
CHAPTER 60 SPINAL INJURIES IN ATHLETES 581
Robert G. Watkins, IV, MD and Robert G. Watkins, III, MD
XI Systemic P roblems A ffecting the Spinal Column
CHAPTER 61 DISORDERS OF THE SPINAL CORD AND RELATED STRUCTURES 594
Benjamin D. Elder, MD, PhD and Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 62 PRIMARY SPINE TUMORS 608
Benjamin D. Elder, MD, PhD and Vincent J. Devlin, MD
CHAPTER 63 METASTATIC SPINE TUMORS 623
Nickul S. Jain, MD, Scott C. McGovern, MD, Winston Fong, MD, and Jeffrey C. Wang, MD
CHAPTER 64 METABOLIC BONE DISEASES OF THE SPINE 633
Paul A. Anderson, MD, Vincent J. Devlin, MD, and Preston Phillips, MD
CHAPTER 65 TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR OSTEOPOROTIC VERTEBRAL COMPRESSION
FRACTURES 648
R. Carter Cassidy, MD
CONTENTS xv
CHAPTER 66 SPINAL INFECTIONS 660
Vincent J. Devlin, MD and John C. Steinmann, DO
CHAPTER 67 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 668
Ronald Moskovich, MD, FRCS Ed and Michael J. Moses, MD
CHAPTER 68 ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS AND DIFFUSE IDIOPATHIC SKELETAL HYPEROSTOSIS 679
José H. Jiménez-Almonte, MS, MD, R. Carter Cassidy, MD, and Vincent J. Devlin, MD
XII Emerging Spinal T echnologies
CHAPTER 69 SPINAL NAVIGATION, ROBOTIC SURGERY, AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL
PRINTING 692
Terrence Kim, MD and Doniel Drazin, MD, MA
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